]Henri Christophe (1767-1820) was a leader in the Haitian Revolution and the only monarch of the Kingdom of Haiti. He was born in Grenada and died in Milot, Haiti.
Christophe was a leader in the war for Haitian independence from 1791–1804. He served as president of the Republic of the North from 1807–1811, and then as president for life and generalissimo. In 1811, he established a constitutional monarchy and crowned himself King Henry I of Haiti. He ruled northern Haiti until 1820.
Christophe's empire was a combination of European traditions and African practices. He modeled the courtly life and political and economic structures of Western monarchies, including those of England, France, and Prussia. He called himself a “Destroyer of tyranny,” but his violation of human rights and harsh labor policies can be seen as a perpetuation of the colonial mindset.
Christophe's royal family included his wife, Queen Marie-Louise, and their three children, Prince Victor Henry, and the princesses, Améthyste and Athénaire. The royal family's official newspaper, the Gazette Royale d'Hayti, reported on lavish dinners, speeches, and toasts to famous figures. The queen's 12-day birthday celebration in 1816 was attended by 1,500 people, and ended with 12 cannons firing.