A recent New York Times story shows that Team Trump is once again projecting when they claim that local prosecutors have been weaponized against the former President. The article quotes Stephen Miller asking “Is every Republican D.A. starting every investigation they need to right now?” Steve Bannon told the Times that “there are dozens of ambitious backbencher state attorneys general and district attorneys who need to ‘seize the day’ and own this moment in history” by prosecuting Democrats.
This attempt to pervert the criminal justice system for political gain should fail, however, as there are built-in guardrails to protect against out-of-control prosecutors who violate our ethical requirements and engage in so-called “lawfare.”
Grand juries can refuse to indict when the evidence is unconvincing. The Bill Barr Justice Department investigated former FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, a frequent Trump critic, for two years over allegedly inaccurate statements he made to FBI investigators around the time of the 2016 election. Trump repeatedly and publicly demanded that McCabe be arrested, but the DOJ closed the investigation without charges after a Washington, DC grand jury reportedly refused to indict.
Judges are another guardrail against prosecutorial abuse. They can dismiss criminal charges for a variety of reasons, including lack of evidence, mistake of law, or selective prosecution. Then there are juries, who are famously independent and can only find a defendant guilty if the crime is proven beyond a reasonable doubt, and must do so unanimously. Just a single juror can thwart a guilty verdict and create a hung jury.
Special counsel John Durham had a distinguished career as a state and federal prosecutor before Attorney General Bill Barr appointed him to lead a politically motivated investigation into the origins of the Russia probe. After three-and-a-half years, Durham put two individuals on trial for allegedly lying to the FBI. Both cases were built on shaky evidence and resulted in embarrassing acquittals, forever staining Durham’s reputation. No prosecutor wants to share that same fate.
Prosecutors who charge high-profile individuals face intense public scrutiny and verbal attacks, and it is much worse when the evidence is weak and the law is vague. Moreover, office morale would suffer if already overworked employees with large caseloads are told to divert attention to the boss’s political witch hunt.
No prosecutor wants to end up like Michael Nifong, either. He is the infamous North Carolina District Attorney whose malicious prosecution of members of the Duke lacrosse team in 2006 for political benefit disgraced our entire profession. Nifong won his election but was later removed from office, disbarred and jailed for his actions.
Prosecutors are given the rare, immense power to deprive others of their freedom, which is why there are built-in protections against those who go rogue. Miller, Bannon and other Trump loyalists may be searching for a Republican Nifong to exact revenge and help Trump’s electoral prospects, but without the facts and law clearly on their side, it is very unlikely that any prosecutor would succeed. What is more likely is that the weaponized prosecutor loses their reputation, their bar license, and possibly their freedom.