Its a fucking cult.
No other explaination.
Its a fucking cult.
No other explaination.
European fascism was popular because, for those not persecuted, it was a welfare state
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By Sheri BermanMarch 30, 2017
Professor, Barnard College
An analogy is haunting the United States—the analogy of fascism. It is virtually impossible (outside certain parts of the Right-wing itself) to try to understand the resurgent Right without hearing it described as—or compared with—20th-century interwar fascism. Like fascism, the resurgent Right is irrational, close-minded, violent, and racist. So goes the analogy, and there’s truth to it. But fascism did not become powerful simply by appealing to citizens’ darkest instincts. Fascism also, crucially, spoke to the social and psychological needs of citizens to be protected from the ravages of capitalism at a time when other political actors were offering little help.
The origins of fascism lay in a promise to protect people. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a rush of globalization destroyed communities, professions, and cultural norms while generating a wave of immigration. Right-wing nationalist movements promising to protect people from the pernicious influence of foreigners and markets arose, and frightened, disoriented, and displaced people responded. These early fascist movements disrupted political life in some countries, but they percolated along at a relatively low simmer until the Second World War.
The First World War had devastated Europe, killing 16 million people, maiming another 20 million, crushing economies, and sowing turmoil. In Italy, for example, the postwar period saw high inflation and unemployment, as well as strikes, factory occupations, land seizures, and other forms of social unrest and violence. The Liberal Italian governments of the postwar era failed to adequately address these problems. The Liberals’ constituencies—businessmen, landowners, members of the middle class—abandoned them. The country’s two largest opposition parties—the socialist PSI and the Catholic PPI—also offered little effective redress to these basic social problems.
Benito Mussolini and his National Fascist Party (PNF) stepped into the breach, taking advantage of the failure or ineffectiveness of existing institutions, parties, and elites, and offering a mixture of “national” and “social” policies. Fascists promised to foster national unity, prioritize the interests of the nation above those of any particular group, and promote Italy’s stature internationally. The fascists also appealed to Italians’ desire for social security, solidarity, and protection from capitalist crises. They promised therefore to restore order, protect private property, and promote prosperity but also shield society from economic downturns and disruption. Fascists stressed that wealth entailed responsibilities as well as privileges, and should be administered for the benefits of the nation.
These appeals enabled the fascists to garner support from almost all socioeconomic groups. Italy was a young country (formed in the 1860s), plagued by deep regional and social divisions. By claiming to serve the best interests of the entire national community, it was in fact the fascists who became Italy’s first true “people’s party.”
After coming to power, the Italian fascists created recreational circles, student and youth groups, and sports and excursion activities. These organizations all furthered the fascists’ goals of fostering a truly national community. The desire to strengthen (a fascist) national identity also compelled the regime to extraordinary cultural measures.
They promoted striking public architecture, art exhibitions, and film and radio productions. The regime intervened extensively in the economy. As one fascist put it: “There cannot be any single economic interests which are above the general economic interests of the state, no individual, economic initiatives which do not fall under the supervision and regulation of the state, no relationships of the various classes of the nation which are not the concern of the state.” Such policies kept fascism popular until the late 1930s, when Mussolini threw his lot in with Hitler. It was only the country’s involvement in the Second World War, and the Italian regime’s turn to a more overtly “racialist” understanding of fascism, that began to make Italian fascism unpopular.
Italian fascism differed from its German counterpart in important ways. Most notably, perhaps, anti-Semitism and racism were more innate in the German version. But Italian and German fascism also shared important similarities. Like Italy, Germany was a “new” nation (formed in 1871) plagued by deep divisions. After the First World War, Germany had found itself saddled with punitive peace terms. During the 1920s, it experienced violent uprisings, political assassinations, foreign invasion, and a notorious Great Inflation. Then the Great Depression hit, causing immense suffering in Germany. The response of the government, and other political actors, however, must also be remembered. For different reasons, both the era’s conservative governments and their socialist opponents primarily favored austerity as a response to the crisis. Thus came a golden opportunity for fascism.
Hitler’s National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) promised to serve the entire German people, but the German fascist vision of “the people” did not include Jews and other “undesirables.” They promised to create a “people’s community” (Volksgemeinschaft) that would overcome the country’s divisions. The fascists also pledged to fight the Depression and contrasted its activism on behalf of the people’s welfare with the meekness and austerity of the government and the socialists. By the 1932 elections, these appeals to protect the German people helped the Nazis become the largest political party, and the one with the broadest socioeconomic base.
When Hitler became chancellor in Jan. 1933, the Nazis quickly began work-creation and infrastructure programs. They exhorted business to take on workers, and doled out credit. Germany’s economy rebounded and unemployment figures improved dramatically: German unemployment fell from almost six million in early 1933 to 2.4 million by the end of 1934; by 1938, Germany essentially enjoyed full employment. By the end of the 1930s, the government was controlling decisions about economic production, investment, wages, and prices. Public spending was growing spectacularly.
Nazi Germany remained capitalist. But it had also undertaken state intervention in the economy unprecedented in capitalist societies. The Nazis also supported an extensive welfare state (of course, for “ethnically pure” Germans). It included free higher education, family and child support, pensions, health insurance, and an array of publicly supported entertainment and vacation options.
All spheres of life, economy included, had to be subordinated to the “national interest” (Gemeinnutz geht vor Eigennutz), and the fascist commitment to foster social equality and mobility. Radical meritocratic reforms are not usually thought of as signature Nazi measures, but, as Hitler once noted, the Third Reich has “opened the way for every qualified individual—whatever his origins—to reach the top if he is qualified, dynamic, industrious, and resolute.”
Largely for these reasons, up till 1939, most Germans’ experience with the Nazi regime was probably positive. The Nazis had seemingly conquered the Depression and restored economic and political stability. As long as they could prove their ethnic “purity” and stayed away from overt shows of disloyalty, Germans typically experienced National Socialism not as a tyranny and terror, but as a regime of social reform and warmth.
There can be no question that violence and racism were essential traits of fascism. But for most Italians, Germans and other European fascists, the appeal was based not on racism—much less ethnic cleansing—but on the fascists’ ability to respond effectively to crises of capitalism when other political actors were not.
Fascists insisted that states could and should control capitalism, that the state should and could promote social welfare, and that national communities needed to be cultivated.
The fascist solution ultimately was, of course, worse than the problem. In response to the horror of fascism, in part, New Deal Democrats in the United States, and social democratic parties in Europe, also moved to re-negotiate the social contract. They promised citizens that they would control capitalism and provide social welfare policies and undertake other measures to strengthen national solidarity—but without the loss of freedom and democracy that fascism entailed.
The lesson for the present is clear: you can’t beat something with nothing. If other political actors don’t come up with more compelling solutions to the problems of capitalism, the popular appeal of the resurgent Right-wing will continue. And then the analogy with fascism and democratic collapse of the interwar years might prove even more relevant than it is now.
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WED NOV 1, 2017 / 12:54 PM EDT
Awaiting Trump's coal comeback, miners reject retraining
Valerie Volcovici
(Reuters) - When Mike Sylvester entered a career training center earlier this year in southwestern Pennsylvania, he found more than one hundred federally funded courses covering everything from computer programming to nursing.
He settled instead on something familiar: a coal mining course.
"I think there is a coal comeback,” said the 33-year-old son of a miner.
Despite broad consensus about coal's bleak future, a years-long effort to diversify the economy of this hard-hit region away from mining is stumbling, with Obama-era jobs retraining classes undersubscribed and future programs at risk under President Donald Trump’s proposed 2018 budget.
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Trump has promised to revive coal by rolling back environmental regulations and moved to repeal Obama-era curbs on carbon emissions from power plants.
"I have a lot of faith in President Trump," Sylvester said.
But hundreds of coal-fired plants have closed in recent years, and cheap natural gas continues to erode domestic demand. The Appalachian region has lost about 33,500 mining jobs since 2011, according to the Appalachian Regional Commission.
Although there have been small gains in coal output and hiring this year, driven by foreign demand, production levels remain near lows hit in 1978.
A White House official did not respond to requests for comment on coal policy and retraining for coal workers.
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What many experts call false hopes for a coal resurgence have mired economic development efforts here in a catch-22: Coal miners are resisting retraining without ready jobs from new industries, but new companies are unlikely to move here without a trained workforce. The stalled diversification push leaves some of the nation's poorest areas with no clear path to prosperity.
Federal retraining programs have fared better, with some approaching full participation, in the parts of Appalachia where mining has been crushed in a way that leaves little hope for a comeback, according to county officials and recruiters. They include West Virginia and Kentucky, where coal resources have been depleted.
But in southern Pennsylvania, where the industry still has ample reserves and is showing flickers of life, federal jobs retraining programs see sign-up rates below 20 percent, the officials and recruiters said. In southern Virginia's coal country, participation rates run about 50 percent, they said.
"Part of our problem is we still have coal," said Robbie Matesic, executive director of Greene County’s economic development department.
Out-of-work miners cite many reasons beyond faith in Trump policy for their reluctance to train for new industries, according to Reuters interviews with more than a dozen former and prospective coal workers, career counselors and local economic development officials. They say mining pays well; other industries are unfamiliar; and there’s no income during training and no guarantee of a job afterward.
In Pennsylvania, Corsa Coal opened a mine in Somerset in June which will create about 70 jobs – one of the first mines to open here in years. And Consol Energy recently expanded its Bailey mine complex in Greene County.
But Consol also announced in January that it plans to sell its coal holdings to focus on natural gas. And it has commissioned a recruitment agency, GMS Mines and Repair, to find contract laborers for its coal expansion who will be paid about $13 an hour - half the hourly wage of a starting unionized coal worker. The program Sylvester signed up for was set up by GMS.
The new hiring in Pennsylvania is related mainly to an uptick in foreign demand for metallurgical coal, used in producing steel, rather than domestic demand for thermal coal from power plants, the industry's main business. Some market analysts describe the foreign demand as a temporary blip driven by production problems in the coal hub of Australia.
Officials for U.S. coal companies operating in the region, including Consol and Corsa, declined requests for comment.
“The coal industry has stabilized, but it’s not going to come back,” said Blair Zimmerman, a 40-year veteran of the mines who is now the commissioner for Greene County, one of Pennsylvania’s oldest coal regions. “We need to look at the future.”
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EMPTY SEATS
The Pennsylvania Department of Labor has received about $2 million since 2015 from the federal POWER program, an initiative of former President Barack Obama to help retrain workers in coal-dependent areas. But the state is having trouble putting even that modest amount of money to good use.
In Greene and Washington counties, 120 people have signed up for jobs retraining outside the mines, far short of the target of 700, said Ami Gatts, director of the Washington-Greene County Job Training Agency. In Westmoreland and Fayette counties, participation in federal job retraining programs has been about 15 percent of capacity, officials said.
"I can't even get them to show up for free food I set up in the office," said Dave Serock, an ex-miner who recruits in Fayette County for Southwest Training Services.
Programs administered by the Appalachian Regional Commission, a federal and state partnership to strengthen the region’s economy, have had similar struggles. One $1.4 million ARC project to teach laid-off miners in Greene County and in West Virginia computer coding has signed up only 20 people for 95 slots. Not a single worker has enrolled in another program launched this summer to prepare ex-miners to work in the natural gas sector, officials said.
Greene County Commissioner Zimmerman said he’d like to see a big company like Amazon or Toyota come to southwestern Pennsylvania to build a distribution or manufacturing plant that could employ thousands.
But he knows first the region needs a ready workforce.
Amazon spokeswoman Ashley Robinson said the company the company typically works with local organizations to evaluate whether locations have an appropriate workforce and has no current plans for distribution operations in Western Pennsylvania. Toyota spokesman Edward Lewis said the company considers local workforce training an "important consideration" when deciding where to locate facilities.
SIGNS OF LIFE
For Sean Moodie and his brother Steve spent the last two years working in the natural gas industry, but see coal as a good bet in the current political climate.
“I am optimistic that you can make a good career out of coal for the next 50 years,” said Sean Moodie.
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Coal jobs are preferable to those in natural gas, they said, because the mines are close to home, while pipeline work requires travel. Like Sylvester, the Moodie brothers are taking mining courses offered by Consol’s recruiter, GMS.
Bob Levo, who runs a GMS training program, offered a measure of realism: The point of the training is to provide low-cost and potentially short-term labor to a struggling industry, he said.
"That’s a major part of the reason that coal mines have been able to survive," he said. "They rely on us to provide labor at lower cost."
Clemmy Allen, 63, a veteran miner and head of the United Mineworkers of America's Career Centers, said miners are taking a big risk in holding out for a coal recovery.
He’s placing his hopes for the region's future on retraining. UMWA’s 64-acre campus in Prosperity, Pennsylvania - which once trained coal miners - will use nearly $3 million in federal and state grants to retrofit classrooms to teach cybersecurity, truck driving and mechanical engineering.
"Unlike when I worked in the mines," he said, "if you get laid off now, you are pretty much laid off."
They're rejecting retraining cause they're too old to/fear to learn and most are just stupid basically …. a lot are dead set in their ways also ..... gullible and believe anything ... oh and I forgot .... uneducated
sidebar: fuck the ignorant doofuses that believed Trump, and voted for him ... their world and their money hasn't changed .... yet they're still sucking his dick ... ole country bumpkins …. let them go down with "the Trumptanic"
sidebar 2: copy and paste .... not select all ..... with all the damn advertisements in the post ...
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Dude …. coalminers ….. even their parents didn't have it good ….. none of those fools even tried to be better in another job field elsewhere …. to them … fucking coalmining ….. goddamn coal mining was as good as it gets … my daddy … and his daddy were proud Murican coal miners ... "Black lungs forever" …. M.A.G.A. !!!Yep they're like the 3rd generation hood person who has never been out of their hood. They're living on the dream that they can have it as good as their dad and grandfather but that dream is not realistic. They have never been out of those mountains and the shit they do see on tv scares the shit out of them. Them fuckers are extremely isolated to the world. You know an area is dead when Walmart and shit like that closes. Generations of alcoholism and interbreeding has done them in.
8 track players are new tech to those fools …. they spend their Saturday nights sitting in the back of their pick up trucks drinking Coors beer, moonshine, skinnin' rabbits/squirrels and saying "Goooolly …looky up there .... there go another one of them there U.F.O.'s"this industry is dead
still useful
but obsolete
they need to adapt to new tech
You gettin a little too fancy with your Coors beer, sir. We only drink that during the Christmas holiday. We drink Keystone Light year round, sir.8 track players are new tech to those fools …. they spend their Saturday nights sitting in the back of their pick up trucks drinking Coors beer, moonshine, skinnin' rabbits/squirrels and saying "Goooolly …looky up there .... there go another one of them there U.F.O.'s"
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AmenShit like this reminds me of my pops. He worked at a trophy company back in the late 60s and early 70s. He didn't really have much of an education, because after his dad died, he had to drop out of h.s. and support the family, since he was the oldest. Fast forward to about '76/'77 or so, I started seeing these bis ass 3 ring binders with "Ryder" on the cover on our living room table in our apartment, well, pj's actually, and dude would stay up LATE at night studying and going to work the next day. About a year later, he got his CDL and about 2 tears after that, we moved into our first house.
I asked him about that years later, and he said, "Son, I realized making trophies wasn't hit on shit, and it wasn't gonna get us where we needed to be, so I had to do something different. Bobby Stanley (family friend) was a truck driver, and after talking to him, it sounded like something I wanted to do, so I went for it." My pops ended up retiring after driving for decades, and now has a nice lil' nest egg to sit back on. I say all of that to say this: It's amusing how a "lazy, shiftless black man" in the pj's can see where his dead end job is going, and decides to educated himself to do something better for himself and his "3 boys" (what he calls me & my 2 brothers to this day), while the "salt of the earth, hard working American white man" sits around and waits for an unrealistic promise to bring back a dying industry or a gov't handout, while at the same time, turning down FREE training. White people are all for personal responsibility...until it's THEIR turn to be personally responsible.
Shit like this reminds me of my pops. He worked at a trophy company back in the late 60s and early 70s. He didn't really have much of an education, because after his dad died, he had to drop out of h.s. and support the family, since he was the oldest. Fast forward to about '76/'77 or so, I started seeing these bis ass 3 ring binders with "Ryder" on the cover on our living room table in our apartment, well, pj's actually, and dude would stay up LATE at night studying and going to work the next day. About a year later, he got his CDL and about 2 tears after that, we moved into our first house.
I asked him about that years later, and he said, "Son, I realized making trophies wasn't hit on shit, and it wasn't gonna get us where we needed to be, so I had to do something different. Bobby Stanley (family friend) was a truck driver, and after talking to him, it sounded like something I wanted to do, so I went for it." My pops ended up retiring after driving for decades, and now has a nice lil' nest egg to sit back on. I say all of that to say this: It's amusing how a "lazy, shiftless black man" in the pj's can see where his dead end job is going, and decides to educated himself to do something better for himself and his "3 boys" (what he calls me & my 2 brothers to this day), while the "salt of the earth, hard working American white man" sits around and waits for an unrealistic promise to bring back a dying industry or a gov't handout, while at the same time, turning down FREE training. White people are all for personal responsibility...until it's THEIR turn to be personally responsible.
Shit like this reminds me of my pops. He worked at a trophy company back in the late 60s and early 70s. He didn't really have much of an education, because after his dad died, he had to drop out of h.s. and support the family, since he was the oldest. Fast forward to about '76/'77 or so, I started seeing these bis ass 3 ring binders with "Ryder" on the cover on our living room table in our apartment, well, pj's actually, and dude would stay up LATE at night studying and going to work the next day. About a year later, he got his CDL and about 2 tears after that, we moved into our first house.
I asked him about that years later, and he said, "Son, I realized making trophies wasn't hit on shit, and it wasn't gonna get us where we needed to be, so I had to do something different. Bobby Stanley (family friend) was a truck driver, and after talking to him, it sounded like something I wanted to do, so I went for it." My pops ended up retiring after driving for decades, and now has a nice lil' nest egg to sit back on. I say all of that to say this: It's amusing how a "lazy, shiftless black man" in the pj's can see where his dead end job is going, and decides to educate himself to do something better for himself and his "3 boys" (what he calls me & my 2 brothers to this day), while the "salt of the earth, hard working American white man" sits around and waits for an unrealistic promise to bring back a dying industry or a gov't handout, while at the same time, turning down FREE training. White people are all for personal responsibility...until it's THEIR turn to be personally responsible.
This.Yup, that’s what I thought. Bubba wants to be able to be able to go home at 4:30pm and go fishing and drink beer all while being able to afford a mortgage. All Bubba wants to do is hammer the same nail and pull the same lever for 20 years and collect a pension. Now tell me. Who is lazy. Smh. Ridiculous.
I look forward to the incredible leap of logic that will be used to blame this on a black person once these idiots see all their hopes fall apart.
got damn shame how lazy these crackers are. They really think they should be making 6 figures pushing a button all day like George Jetson.
Without the handouts, nepotism, thievery, they’d fall to last place almost overnight.
Coal will never be what is was. Just last week I took a ride up I-75 and with all the solar panel fields I saw coal is never going to make a comeback.