Sources tell WIRED that Elon Musk has wanted a government shutdown in part because it would potentially make it easier to eliminate the jobs of hundreds of thousands of federal workers.
www.wired.com
Mar 11, 2025 1:21 PM
Elon Musk Has Wanted the Government Shutdown
Sources tell WIRED that Elon Musk has wanted a government shutdown in part because it would potentially make it easier to eliminate the jobs of hundreds of thousands of federal workers.
Photo-Illustration: Wired Staff; Al Drago/Getty Images
As President
Donald Trump has been trying to keep House Republicans in line over a continuing resolution to keep the government open through the fall,
Elon Musk has expressed a desire for a
government shutdown, four sources familiar with his position tell WIRED.
Sources also tell WIRED that Musk has wanted a government shutdown—an aim that runs contrary to the White House’s stated desire to avoid one—in part because it would potentially make it easier to
eliminate the jobs of hundreds of thousands of federal workers, essentially achieving a permanent shutdown. The sources, whom WIRED has granted anonymity, specifically asked to be described generically because information about Musk’s support for a shutdown is closely held.
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“A shutdown has been his preference,” says one Republican familiar with the situation, referring to Musk. “I think he’s boxed in there by the president. I think it would be really hard for him to get around that.”
A second Republican who had heard about Musk’s desire for a government shutdown tells WIRED that the billionaire’s goal is for the continuing resolution—a spending bill to temporarily fund the government—to tank, if only to achieve a brief government shutdown.
“You know none of this is about saving money, right?” says a third Republican familiar with the behind-the-scenes push from Musk. “It’s all about destroying a liberal power base.”
Musk and the White House did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
The possible shutdown looms as Musk’s so-called
Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) has slashed its way through the government, eliminating the positions of an estimated
tens of thousands of workers. If a government shutdown occurs, many federal agencies and programs would be essentially put on ice. Agencies like the FBI and others with law enforcement and security functions would largely continue to operate as normal—albeit with some government workers not being paid until after the end of the shutdown—and critical functions like the issuance of Social Security checks would not be directly affected. Every department has a
shutdown plan, though, and most would be impacted.
Ahead of a shutdown, federal employees are effectively classified into essential or nonessential work, with nonessential employees furloughed and not allowed to work until the shutdown ends. According to federal agency contingency plans
compiled by the nonpartisan Partnership for Public Service in 2023, when a federal shutdown was narrowly averted, the pool of workers who would be subject to being furloughed then numbered about 850,000, with about 410,000 of those being outside the Department of Defense.
Federal personnel costs, including military spending, amount to about $340 billion annually, so even laying off all of the third or so of federal workers considered nonessential could possibly save about $110 billion a year—a fraction of the $1 trillion in annual federal spending Musk has claimed he wants to eliminate.
Musk has spoken about removing so-called nonessential workers—many of whom perform critical tasks like inspecting food, processing applications for benefits programs, and collecting weather data—before. “If the job is not essential, or they are not doing it well, they obviously shouldn’t be on the public payroll,”
Musk told reporters in late February, according to The New Yorker.
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According to
The Hill, Senate Democrats—eight of whose votes would be needed to ultimately pass the continuing resolution—are concerned that a government shutdown could impact federal workers on furlough. Senator Mark Kelly, a Democrat from Arizona, said that he is concerned about Musk and the timing of the shutdown. “Maybe they decide that entire government agencies don’t need to exist anymore,” Kelly said on Monday.
Democrats, save for a couple of
potential yes votes from House members in districts Trump carried heavily, have been in a bind over supporting a bill that would keep the government open without addressing Musk’s work with DOGE. “It is not something we could ever support,” House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries of New York
said of the continuing resolution on Monday, noting “Democrats will not be complicit.”
Many federal employees are also worried that a temporary shutdown could lead to permanent cuts. “There are concerns anyone deemed nonessential will be DOGE’d,” a State Department employee, who asked to remain anonymous for fear of retaliation, tells WIRED.
The length of a possible government shutdown could also impact the dynamics. Once federal employees have been furloughed for more than 30 calendar days, that furlough becomes subject to a reduction in force (RIF), says Nick Bednar, a professor at the University of Minnesota School of Law. Though it could be challenged, this means that after 30 days, furloughed employees are automatically kicked into RIF procedures, which prioritizes retaining employees by seniority and whether that individual is a veteran.
“If you can shut down the government for 30 days, it’s a method of pursuing a RIF,” he says. Many agencies have already been required to
submit RIF plans by March 13, but a shutdown plan is likely to be even more austere, allowing for only employees deemed essential to keep working.
Guidance from the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) says that essential workers are those whose roles involve the “safety of human life or the protection of property or the performance of certain other types of ‘excepted work activities.’”
Bednar says that under OPM guidance, there are different ways in which agencies can reduce their manpower: an emergency furlough like a shutdown, a planned long-term furlough, and layoffs. Both planned long-term furloughs and layoffs trigger RIF procedures, as does any furlough that lasts for more than 30 days. But OPM guidance leaves unclear whether the rules or a long-term furlough would apply to an emergency one that crosses the 30-day threshold. “How an automatic RIF applies is still up for debate, because we've never seen it happen,” he says.
In a
February 11 executive order, the White House ordered agency heads to develop a plan for “large-scale reductions in force” that would prioritize “all components and employees performing functions not mandated by statute or other law who are not typically designated as essential during a lapse in appropriations as provided in the Agency Contingency Plans on the Office of Management and Budget website.” The order provided a carve-out for “functions related to public safety, immigration enforcement, or law enforcement.”
“A shutdown is aligned with the goals of DOGE,” says Don Moynihan, a professor of public policy at the University of Michigan. “In the president's executive order, he told DOGE to focus on nonessential employees, which is to say employees who are designated as nonessential during government shutdowns.”
Only one partial government shutdown, in the winter of 2018–19, has lasted more than 30 days. A report from the
Congressional Budget Office later estimated that the 35-day shutdown “delayed $18 billion in federal spending and suspended some federal services, thus lowering the projected level of real GDP in the first quarter of 2019 by $8 billion.”
But for the most part, if a possible shutdown does last longer than 30 days, the US could enter into unknown territory. “One difficulty in assessing what will happen is that there have only been 10 shutdowns that have resulted in furloughs in US history,” Bednar says. “Most of the case law we have on this issue comes from the 2013 shutdown, which was less than 30 days.”
During the 2013 government shutdown, employees who tried to challenge their agencies’ furloughs and sued for
back pay almost universally lost their cases. Bednar says, however, that if the Trump administration tries to use a government shutdown as an excuse to permanently eliminate jobs, employees might be able to appeal the decision.
“I suspect the greatest impact of a long-term shutdown is that it will encourage federal employees to leave public service sooner rather than later,” says Bednar. “Even though federal law permits back pay, federal employees still need to pay for rent, groceries, and other essentials. The Trump administration could use an extended furlough to squeeze employees from their positions.”
The White House believes that the lone holdout on the bill to avoid a shutdown will be Representative Thomas Massie, a Republican from Kentucky, who has firmly stated that he will not support the continuing resolution. Trump railed against Massie in a late-night post on Monday on Truth Social while trying to simultaneously praise the House Freedom Caucus—of which Massie is a member—for holding the line.
“Thank you to the House Freedom Caucus for just delivering a big blow to the Radical Left Democrats and their desire to raise Taxes and SHUT OUR COUNTRY DOWN! They hate America and all it stands for,” Trump wrote, before calling for a primary challenge to Massie, who has
prevailed over similar calls in the past. Later in the post, Trump wrote “DO I HAVE ANY TAKERS??? Anyway, thank you again to the House Freedom Caucus for your very important vote. We need to buy some time in order to MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN, GREATER THAN EVER BEFORE. Unite and Win!!!”
If the continuing resolution passes, that would not take the issue off the table entirely, as it would only fund the government through September.
Additional reporting by Tim Marchman.