Sharp observation!
However, they say that temperature doesn't exist in a vacuum due to few atoms, just like they say Neil Armstrong walked on the moon... ABSOLUTE PROPAGANDA!
All to reinforce that the Earth is a globe... SMH...
Just do an experiment like the guy in the following video did:
1) Create an "air-tight box" of some sort with a window to receive the sun's rays.
2) Vacuum the pressure out until you have few millibars of pressure similar to the Thermosphere.
3) Note that temperature in the vacuumed box is still relatively equal to the temperature outside the box.
Simple as that.
In other words, the wiki you posted is a bullshit excuse by "science" to make you believe that the extreme temperature in the near vacuumed Thermosphere would not affect a satellite. Just like their bullshit statement that the Earth is round...
In addition, according to the space model we're presented, although there may be few atoms in the Thermosphere, the satellite itself is made entirely of very closely arranged atoms. It would act as one huge particle - being affected by heat...
The satellite itself is just full of particles and could quite easily get very hot...
3000 degrees F...
Think about it...
simple answer: you can't put your hand into a bowl of water at 90ºC without sustaining serious injury. But you can easily sit in a sauna with an air temperature of 90ºC
There is a difference between temperature and heat.
Temperature is a measure of how much energy individual particles have.
Heat is a measure of how much energy is contained by all the particles in a given volume.
The thermosphere is a extremely low density gas (very few particles) so even though the individual particles have a lot of energy (high temperature), they don't hold much heat energy overall.
Spacecraft Thermal Control
https://books.google.com/books?id=_dpkAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false
as for solar radiation here is an article on radiative equilibrium temperature
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative_equilibrium
baisically any object that is heated up will radiate heat away, the hotter it gets the greater the heat it radiates per second. So as the Sun is constant, eventually the object will reach a temperature at which it is radiating the same amount of heat as it is absorbing...
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